What Are the Key Differences Between SMA Type 1 and Type 2?
SMA types have historically been described by the age symptoms begin and the highest physical milestone a person reaches, such as sitting, standing, or walking. This traditional classification includes SMA Types 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, based on symptom onset and maximum motor function.
The key difference between SMA Type 1 and SMA Type 2 is usually the timing of symptom onset and the level of motor function achieved. SMA Type 1, also known as infantile-onset SMA or Werdnig-Hoffmann disease, typically begins before 6 months of age and is historically associated with severe weakness, difficulty feeding, breathing challenges, and inability to sit independently without treatment. When SMA symptoms are present at birth or by 6 months of age, the disease is called SMA Type 1. SMA Type 2, also called intermediate SMA or Dubowitz disease, usually appears between 6 and 18 months of age, and individuals with Type 2 are typically able to sit but do not walk independently.
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