Types of Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
The main types of Spinal Muscular Atrophy are often described as Type 0, Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Some forms appear before birth or during infancy and may involve severe muscle weakness, breathing difficulties, feeding challenges, and limited motor development. Other forms may appear later in childhood, adolescence, or adulthood, with symptoms that can include muscle weakness, difficulty walking, fatigue, scoliosis, respiratory concerns, and progressive loss of strength.
While SMA types can help explain patterns of progression, people with SMA exist across a wide spectrum of strength, mobility, respiratory needs, independence, and quality of life. Medical sources also recognize that SMA severity exists on a continuum, meaning symptoms can overlap between types.
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